Paradigm Shift in Global Governance of Medical Brain-Computer Interface: Addressing Practical Challenges Through Institutional Innovation.

Abstract

The rapid advancement of medical brain-computer interface (BCI) technology necessitates the transformation and upgrading of traditional governance paradigms urgently. China, the United States, and the European Union hold prominent positions in the global medical BCI landscape and have developed three highly representative governance models. Existing research on medical BCI primarily focuses on specific countries or regions, but it has failed to conduct a comprehensive comparison of governance fr