Inflammation-metabolism-fibrosis axis: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies targeting the chronicity of pelvic inflammatory disease.

Abstract

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common infectious disease in gynecology; it can easily develop into chronic inflammation and tissue fibrosis. These conditions severely affect patients' reproductive health and quality of life. In recent years, studies have found that the inflammatory response, metabolic reprogramming, and fibrotic process interact through complex molecular mechanisms, forming an inflammation-metabolism-fibrosis axis. This axis has become a core driving factor in the chroni