Artificial Intelligence in Rhinology: A State-of-the-Art Review of Clinical Readiness and Implementation Pathways.

Abstract

To critically evaluate advances in artificial intelligence (AI) within rhinology, focusing on translational readiness, regulatory alignment, and clinical implementation pathways. PubMed and Scopus. PubMed and Scopus were searched using predefined Title/Abstract Boolean strategies with publication date (January 1, 2023-February 1, 2025), English-language, and human-study restrictions to support a structured state-of-the-art narrative synthesis. Major application domains were categorized as automa