The Effect of Insoles in Plantar Fasciitis

Brief Summary

This randomized active-comparator clinical trial compared changes over 12 weeks between customized computer numerical control (CNC)-milled ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D-printed thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) insoles with plantar fasciitis. The primary outcome was bilateral gastrocnemius medialis and lateralis muscle activation recorded using surface electromyography during a standardized 10-meter walking task. Secondary outcomes included static plantar loading, pain, foot-related function, and user satisfaction. Because both groups received custom-made insoles as active interventions, the trial was designed to compare the two orthosis types rather than to determine the absolute efficacy of insoles.