Prospective Multi-center Study Comparing Pulsed Tm:YAG Laser to Pulse Modulated Holmium Laser in the Treatment of Nephrolithiasis With FANS Access Sheaths

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to compare two laser technologies that are routinely used during ureteroscopy for the treatment of kidney stones. Specifically, this study will compare a pulsed Thulium:YAG laser to a pulse-modulated Holmium:YAG laser (Moses technology) to evaluate how effective and safe they are when used to break kidney stones. Primary endpoints include stone-free rate and the zero stone-free rate at a standardized postoperative. Secondary endpoints include total operative time, lasing time (s), laser energy expended (J), efficiency (laser energy expended/stone volume; stone volume/lasing time). These endpoints aim to provide a comprehensive assessment of the clinical effectiveness and procedural efficiency of the two laser systems.