THE EFFECTS OF EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCK WAVE THERAPY ON UPPER EXTREMITY SPASTICITY AND FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH STROKE

简要摘要

Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability worldwide. Among its most functionally limiting complications is upper extremity spasticity - a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone that restricts arm and hand function, impairs daily activities, and reduces quality of life. Current treatment options such as oral antispastic agents and botulinum toxin injections are associated with systemic side effects, high cost, invasiveness, or short duration of effect. Radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) is a non-invasive modality that delivers acoustic pressure waves to target tissues and has shown promising antispastic effects through both neural and biomechanical mechanisms. This prospective observational study (N=21) evaluates the effects of upper extremity rESWT on spasticity, pain, motor function, functional independence, and quality of life in individuals with post-stroke hemiplegia. rESWT was applied to three muscle groups (biceps brachii, flexor carpi radialis, and flexor carpi ulnaris) at 2,000 impulses per muscle, 5 Hz, 1.5 bar, twice weekly for 4 weeks (8 sessions total). Outcomes were assessed at three time points: baseline, month 1, and month 3.